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Pharmacodynamics
Chlorhexidine digluconate is a cationic biguanide. Chlorhexidine contains amino groups of cellular proteins. It penetrates the intracellular membranes of bacterial cells, settles on the cytoplasm and changes the membrane function, preventing oxygen consumption, which leads to a decrease in the level of adenosine triphosphate and cell death. It destroys DNA and disrupts DNA synthesis in microorganisms. Provides long-term persistent antimicrobial activity, preventing the reproduction of microorganisms for at least 6 hours after application of the drug.
Chlorhexidine digluconate has a rapid and pronounced effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Treponema pallidum, Chlamidia spp., Ureaplasma spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacteroides fragilis), protozoa. In the presence of blood and other organic substances, the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine digluconate does not decrease.
Pharmacokinetics
Does not penetrate intact skin. Virtually not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. After accidental ingestion of 300 mg, the maximum concentration is reached after 30 minutes and is 0.206 μg/l. Excreted mainly with feces (90%), less than 1% is excreted by the kidneys.
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